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月表撞击坑形貌特征和几何形态关系分析

An Analysis of Morphological Features and Relations between Geometrical Parameters of Lunar Impact Craters

  • 摘要: 在已有研究的基础上,利用月表撞击坑数据库LU60645GT,深入分析了月表撞击坑深径比随直径变化以及深度随直径变化的特点,并给出了全月范围内新鲜撞击坑这两组形态参数之间的关系式。此外,通过统计风暴洋克里普岩地体、高地斜长岩地体、南极艾肯地体三大地体下不同形貌类型、不同尺度撞击坑的深径比,对比分析得出不同地体下各类撞击坑几何形态关系的差异。研究表明(1)对较为新鲜的撞击坑而言,深径比随着直径的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,在直径5 km附近出现极大值;深度随着直径的增加而增加的趋势并不均匀,在18 km和30 km附近出现拐点;15 km以下撞击坑的深度-直径之间呈现较高的线性相关关系,而15 km以上撞击坑的深径比-直径之间呈现较高的幂相关关系。(2)高地斜长岩地体下各类撞击坑的平均深径比均大于另两类地区同类撞击坑深径比。

     

    Abstract: Based on previous research, in this paper we first summarize knowledge of morphological types, morphological features (including prominent and degenerate ones), and geometrical parameters of lunar impact craters.To help comprehensive understanding of morphological features of most lunar craters in the context of the lunar structure and evolution, we further examine morphological-feature diversities among different types of lunar craters in different areas.This is mainly through our detailed analysis of statistical relations between depth-to-diameter ratios and diameters for lunar craters using the database LU60645GT.The database LU60645GT was complied by Goran Salamunic'car et al.(2012) from the high-resolution data obtained by the LOLA instrument of the LRO mission.We present the results of these relations and the statistical relations between depths and diameters.Our results reveal significant differences between depth-to-diameter ratios of impact craters of three diameter ranges, i.e., diameters below 15km, diameters from 15km to 140km, and diameters above 140km.Our results also show significant differences between depth-to-diameter ratios of craters in three lunar areas, which are for maria, highlands, and the South-Atiken basin, respectively.The paper finally provides results about morphological features of young craters in the three lunar areas.Our main conclusions are as follows.(1) For young craters depth-to-diameter ratios statistically increase with small diameters but statistically decrease with large diameters.(2) For young craters depths statistically increase with diameters, but the increases are milder for diameters above 18km compared to those for diameters below 18km;the increases become obviously milder for diameters above 30km, (3) For young craters with diameters below 15km their depths and diameters are in a tight linear correlation.(4) For young craters with diameters above 15km their depth-to-diameter ratios and diameters are in tight power-law correlations.(5) Average depth-to-diameter ratios of craters in highlands are larger compared to average depth-to-diameter ratios of craters in maria and the South-Atiken basin.

     

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