Ten-Month Calendar, Eighteen-Month Calendar Yin and Yang and the Five Elements
-
摘要: 彝族十月太阳历简称十月历，它的发现是20世纪天文界的一件大事。继十月历之后又在彝族地区发现了十八月历，即把一年分成18个月，每月20天的阳历。从现有的证据看，中国上古时代确实存在过十八月历，它就是尧都观测遗址显示的"二十节气"历。据《吐鲁窦吉》阐述，1年10个月，1月36天，半月18天，1年为20节气，1个节气18天也称为1个月。据此可以证明，彝族先民对十八月历并非独自创造，只是继承而已。植根于中国阴阳五行中的十月历，也可称作阴阳五行历，它与十八月历可看作是一回事，只是表述形式不同又互有联系的一种阳历，也可用简单的数学式表达：
36天×10（月）=20天×18（月）=18天×20（节气）=12天×30（节气）。Abstract: The two solar calendars inherited by the ancient people of Yi are all objectively based on the solar tropical year. One of them is to divide a year into ten months with 36 days in each month, as the Ten-Month Calendar. The other is to divide a year into 18 months with 20 days per month, as Eighteen-Month Calendar. In ancient times they were also referenced as 20 Throttle Calendar or 30 Throttle Calendar (12 days in each solar term). Mr. Liu, Han-Yao frequently pointed out that these are two different calendars and were created by the ancient Yi people. In this paper it is described that these three conclusions have no foundation and are the subjective assumption. The Ten-Month Calendar and the Eighteen-Month Calendar are linked with each other, but their forms are different. The Eighteen-Month Calendar was not created by the Yi people, but only inherited. The difference is that the Ten-Month Calendar gives the Yin and Yang and the five elements etc. more philosophical meaning. -
-
[1] 刘尧汉. 从中国彝族十八月历到美洲墨西哥玛雅人十八月历[C]//第五届中国少数民族科技史国际研讨会论文集. 南宁:广西民族出版社, 2002:22-24. [2] 中国社会科学院考古所, 山西省考古所, 临汾市文物局. 2004~2005年山西襄汾陶寺遗址发掘新进展[J]. 中国社会科学院古代文明研究中心通讯, 2006(10):58-66. [3] 何驽. 陶寺中期小城内大型建筑ⅡFJTI发掘心路历程杂谈[J]. 古代文明研究通讯, 2004(23):47. [4] 李维宝, 陈久金. 中国最早的观象台发掘[J]. 天文研究与技术, 2007(3):301-305. [5] 赵守正. 管子注译[M]. 南宁:广西人民出版社, 1982:66-82. [6] 朱琚元. 彝族文化研究文萃[M]. 昆明:云南民族出版社, 2007:223. [7] 吐鲁窦吉[M]. 王子国, 译. 贵阳:贵州民族出版社, 1998:1, 125, 152-153. [8] 李维宝. 彝族十月历新证[J]. 云南天文台台刊, 1996(1):75-80. [9] 李维宝, 冒蔚, 罗葆荣. 论彝族新年[J]. 云南天文台台刊, 1994(2):49-56.
计量
- 文章访问数: 1571
- HTML全文浏览量: 1342
- PDF下载量: 379
下载:
