Antarctic TianMu Staring Observation Project II: Data reduction and preliminary results

The Antarctic TianMu Staring Observation Program is a time-domain optical sky survey project carried out in Antarctica, capable of large sky coverage, high-cadence sampling, and long-period staring. It utilizes the exceptional observing conditions in Antarctica to conduct high-cadence time-domain sky surveys. At present, we have successfully developed an 18-cm aperture Antarctic TianMu prototype, which has been deployed at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica for two consecutive years of trouble-free observations, during which more than 300000 original images were obtained. This paper systematically outlines the commissioning data of the prototype telescope in 2023, the primary data processing pipeline, and the preliminary data products. The core pipeline encompasses four key stages: Data preprocessing, instrumental effect correction, astrometric solution, and full-field stellar photometry. Here, we release the 2023 data products, which specifically include reduced image data and a photometric catalog, for which preliminary analyses demonstrate robust performance. Using Gaia Data Release 3 as a reference catalog, the astrometric precision, quantified by the root mean square of positional errors, is determined to be better than approximately 2'', validating the observational capabilities of the system. For a 30 s exposure, the detection limit in the G-band is achieved at 15.00 mag, with a detection threshold of 1.5σ. The photometric errors are below 0.1 mag for the majority of stars brighter than 14.00 mag. Furthermore, it improves significantly, reaching better than 0.01 mag for most stars brighter than 11.00 mag and 12.00 mag when employing the adaptive aperture photometry and point spread function photometry methods, respectively.