A Statistical Study on Sunspot Area Varying with Sunspot Number

Statistical relation of sunspot area varying with sunspot number has been investigated through analyzing sunspot area and sunspot number with data acquired from May 1874 to March 2015. The obtained results are:(1) in general, distribution probabilities of both sunspot number and sunspot area are similar to each other; they decrease along with the increase of value; but the probability of sunspot area decreases more obviously, which implies that a non-linear relation between the two exists; (2) the non-linear relation is more clear during the solar maximum; (3) the ratio of sunspot area to sunspot number is about 10.2 during the solar minimum, 21.8 during the solar maximum, and 16.7 on long-term basis; (4) the ratio of every ascent phase is slightly different from that of the descent phase, and the determined ratios of different solar cycles are different from one another, displaying little relation to both the maximum amplitudes of cycles and cycles lengths; and (5) the ratios tend to decrease with increasing cycle number.