Determining the Absolute Parameters of the Meridian Circle By Observing the Prime Vertical——II. The Absolute Determination of the Equatorial Point of the Graduated Citcle

Following the article I (entitled "The Absoluet Determination of Azimuths"), this article describes the method of absolutely determining the equatorial point of the graduated circle (or the latitude value of the observation point) by means of the times recorded when a star passes across the prime vertical and the determination values of the zenith distance when it is at the culmination.This method is compared with the traditional observation method of the circumpolar star upper and lower culminations.The practical possibility and the applicable latitude range of the method of determining the absolute parameters of the meridian circle by observing the prime vertical are also discussed in this paper.