Research and Assessment on Key Issues of ICAO SARPs for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

To promote the application of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the international aviation field, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is carrying out the research, verification and upgrading of Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) for Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), GPS, Galileo and GLONASS. Since 2010, BDS has started the ICAO standardization work, which has lasted for 11 years. It has participated in more than 50 technical discussions, submitted more than 90 technical documents with more than 1 000 pages, answered more than 2 000 questions, and closed 189 verification indicators. Since BDS involves a lot of work at the level of ICAO SARPs, this paper focuses on the time and coordinate reference, radio-frequency signal characteristics, signal-in-space performance which are the key indicators in the process of the internationalization of BDS standards. The deviation between BDT and UTC shall be kept within 50 ns (model 1 s), and the difference between BDCS and ITRF-2014 shall not exceed 3 cm; the ground level, signal quality and anti-interference ability of BDS civil signal are analyzed and verified, and the BDS spatial signal distortion model is constructed; finally, the service performance definition and calculation method of BDS under the framework of ICAO SARPRs are clarified, and the actual system data are used to verify that the spatial signal performance of BDS meets the design index requirements. The above analysis, model and verification results show that BDS has good space-time compatibility and interoperability foundation, high RF signal quality and strong anti-interference ability, relevant contents meet the index requirements, and can provide high safety and high integrity navigation services for the international aviation field, which has been written into ICAO BDS SARPS. It has laid a good theoretical, standard and verification foundation for the internationalization of BDS and the promotion and application in the field of civil aviation.